Seleniometionina
Pubblicato il 12/02/2015
Utilizzo:
Fa parte del modulo variabile.
Si utilizza nelle patologie neoplastiche con un dosaggio di 1-2 capsule al giorno da 10-20 microgrammi, senza superare i 40 microgrammi.
Fa parte del modulo variabile.
Si utilizza nelle patologie neoplastiche con un dosaggio di 1-2 capsule al giorno da 10-20 microgrammi, senza superare i 40 microgrammi.
Caratteristiche farmacologiche:
È un analogo strutturale di un amminoacido essenziale, la metionina, in cui l’atomo di zolfo è sostituito da uno di selenio. Le caratteristiche biochimiche di metionina e selenio-metionina sono simili. La seleniometionina radiomarcata (L Seleniometionina[75Se]), gamma emittente, è indicata in radiodiagnostica, soprattutto per la scintigrafia del pancreas, paratiroidi, parotide e prostata. Per spiegare il razionale dell’impiego del selenio, consideriamo brevemente la perossidazione lipidica, processo bifasico comprensivo dell’iniziazione e propagazione. La prima è prodotta da radiazioni ionizzanti o radicali liberi; in essa si verifica l’estrazione di un idrogeno dal gruppo CH2 della catena alchilica con liberazione di un radicale lipidico, e successivamente la produzione di un perossido lipidico per ossigenazione. La seconda fase, la propagazione, è attivata da reazioni a catena con altri lipidi dei composti prodotti dall’iniziazione. L’omeostasi biologica antiossidante si articola su meccanismi enzimatici e antiossidanti, i quali ultimi intervengono quando sono saturate le possibilità enzimatiche. I meccanismi antiossidanti a loro volta si distinguono in preventivi, limitanti la fase di iniziazione delle reazioni ossidative, e quelli che intervengono interrompendo la propagazione. La vitamina E e analoghi esercitano la massima attività biologica, mentre la Vitamina C interviene favorendo la rigenerazione della vitamina E, il cui rapporto con le molecole fosfolipidiche nelle biomembrane è pari a 1/ 2-3000. La vitamina C interviene sulle reazioni ossidative interagendo con i radicali liberi in funzione inibitrice di nuovi prodotti dell’ossidazione. Il coinvolgimento del selenio nell’enzima glutatione – per ossidasi spiega l’interazione tra selenio e vit. E. Infatti la glutatione- per ossidasi può rigenerare la forma naturale della vitamina E dopo ossidazione [Tarozzi “Ruolo fisiologico degli acidi grassi polinsaturi” (Skepsis I,1-1999.20-37).] La Selenio-metionina deriva dalla sintesi dell’elemento chimico selenio con un amminoacido, la metionina, che svolge per le sue proprietà di metilante, attività epatoprotettiva. Nei dosaggi giornalieri di 20-40 microgrammi è utilizzato soprattutto in neoplasie polmonari, epatiche o in tumori complicati da patologie degenerative. La molecola, idrosolubile, è utile per potenziare gli effetti antiossidanti e antiradicali liberi di vitamine e melatonina, oltre che per le sue proprietà citostatiche. La sintesi con la metionina consente di utilizzare questi effetti positivi del selenio senza danni epatici. Sono numerosi gli studi clinici su varie patologie tumorali, in particolare i riscontri positivi sono più evidenti e numerosi nei tumori polmonari, prostatici e del colon.
Documenti Associati:
Documenti Associati:
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- Mechanisms of mammary cancer chemoprevention by organoselenium compounds.
- Mechanisms of selenium-mediated protection from photocarcinogenesis and cell death are not solely p53-dependent.
- Mediterranean diet, micronutrients and prostate carcinoma: a rationale approach to primary prevention of prostate cancer.
- Osteopontin is a potential target gene in mouse mammary cancer chemoprevention by Se-methylselenocysteine.
- Potential pathologic markers for prostate chemoprevention studies
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- Rapid induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by selenium: reversal by metabolites of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.
- Review article: chemoprevention of colorectal cancer.
- Review of vitamin E and selenium in the prevention of prostate cancer: implications of the selenium and vitamin E chemoprevention trial.
- Role of iodine in antioxidant defence in thyroid and breast disease.
- Selective modulation of the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs by selenium containing compounds against human tumor xenografts.
- Selenite-induced apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant cells and effects on the thioredoxin system.
- Selenium and colorectal adenoma: results of a pooled analysis.
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- Selenium and its relationship to cancer: an update dagger.
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- Selenium biochemistry and cancer: a review of the literature.
- Selenium compounds regulate p53 by common and distinctive mechanisms.
- Selenium in the treatment of head and neck lymphedema.
- Selenium levels of patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer compared with control group.
- Selenium supplementation enhances low selenium levels and stimulates glutathione peroxidase activity in peripheral blood and distal colon mucosa in past and present carriers of colon adenomas.
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- Statistical design issues and other practical considerations for conducting phase III prostate cancer prevention trials.
- Status of selenium in prostate cancer prevention.
- Supplementation with antioxidant micronutrients and chemotherapy-induced toxicity in cancer patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
- Synergistic effect of vitamin E and selenium in human prostate cancer cell lines.
- Targeting multiple signaling pathways as a strategy for managing prostate cancer: multifocal signal modulation therapy.
- The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals.
- The effect of all-trans retinoid acid and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) on VEGF and its receptor expression in HL-60 cells.
- The effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) extract and dietary selenium on distribution of selenium in hepatocarcinogenesis induced rat.
- The link between selenium and chemoprevention: a case for selenoproteins.
- The role of PC-SPES, selenium, and vitamin E in prostate cancer.
- The use of high-selenium yeast to raise selenium status: how does it measure up?
- Update on chemoprevention of prostate cancer.
- Use of complementary/alternative medicine by men diagnosed with prostate cancer: prevalence and characteristics.